MINERAL adsorbents, lim Agents, thiab DRYING Agents
Molecular sieves yog crystalline hlau aluminosilicates muaj ib tug peb-dimensional interconnecting network ntawm silica thiab alumina tetrahedra. Ntuj dej ntawm hydration raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub network no los ntawm cua sov los tsim cov kab noj hniav sib xws uas xaiv adsorb molecules ntawm ib qho loj me.
Ib qho 4 mus rau 8-mesh sieve feem ntau yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv thov gasphase, thaum 8 mus rau 12-mesh hom yog muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov kua. Cov ntaub ntawv hmoov ntawm 3A, 4A, 5A thiab 13X sieves yog tsim rau kev siv tshwj xeeb.
Ntev ntev paub txog lawv lub peev xwm ziab (txawm tias mus txog 90 ° C), molecular sieves tsis ntev los no tau pom kev siv hluav taws xob hauv cov txheej txheem hluavtaws organic, feem ntau tso cai rau kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom xav tau los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv condensation uas tswj hwm los ntawm feem ntau tsis zoo equilibria. Cov zeolites hluavtaws no tau pom tias tshem tawm dej, cawv (xws li methanol thiab ethanol), thiab HCl los ntawm cov tshuab xws li ketimine thiab enamine syntheses, ester condensations, thiab hloov pauv ntawm unsaturated aldehydes rau polyenals.
| Hom | 3A |
| Kev sib xyaw | 0.6 K2O: 0.40 Na2O: 1 Al2O3: 2.0 ± 0.1SiO2 : x H2O |
| Kev piav qhia | Daim ntawv 3A yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov cov poov tshuaj cations rau lub hauv paus chiv keeb sodium ions ntawm 4A qauv, txo cov pore loj rau ~ 3Å, tsis suav nrog txoj kab uas hla > 3Å, piv txwv li, ethane. |
| Cov ntawv thov loj | Kev lag luam lub cev qhuav dej ntawm unsaturated hydrocarbon ntws, nrog rau cov pa tawg, propylene, butadiene, acetylene; ziab cov kua nplaum xws li methanol thiab ethanol. Adsorption ntawm molecules xws li NH3 thiab H2O los ntawm N2 / H2 ntws. Pom tau tias yog ib lub hom phiaj ziab kom qhuav nyob rau hauv polar thiab nonpolar media. |
| Hom | 4A |
| Kev sib xyaw | 1 Na2O: 1 Al2O3: 2.0 ± 0.1 SiO2 : x H2O |
| Kev piav qhia | Daim ntawv sodium no sawv cev rau hom A tsev neeg ntawm molecular sieves. Qhov zoo ntawm pore qhib yog 4Å, yog li tsis suav nrog cov molecules ntawm txoj kab uas hla zoo> 4Å, piv txwv li, propane. |
| Cov ntawv thov loj | Txaus siab rau lub cev qhuav dej zoo li qub hauv cov kua lossis roj kaw, xws li hauv ntim cov tshuaj, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov tshuaj perishable; dej scavenging hauv tshuab luam ntawv thiab yas thiab ziab saturated hydrocarbon kwj.Adsorbed hom muaj xws li SO2, CO2, H2S, C2H4, C2H6, thiab C3H6. Feem ntau suav hais tias yog universal drying agent hauv polar thiab nonpolar media. |
| Hom | 5A |
| Kev sib xyaw | 0.80 CaO: 0.20 Na2O: 1 Al2O3: 2.0 ± 0.1 SiO2: x H2O |
| Kev piav qhia | Divalent calcium ions nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm sodium cations muab apertures ntawm ~ 5Å uas tsis suav cov molecules ntawm zoo txoj kab uas hla > 5Å, piv txwv li, tag nrho 4-carbon rings, thiab iso-compounds. |
| Cov ntawv thov loj | Kev sib cais ntawm ib txwm paraffins los ntawm cov saw hlau thiab cyclic hydrocarbons; tshem tawm H2S, CO2 thiab mercaptans los ntawm cov pa roj. Molecules adsorbed muaj xws li nC4H10, nC4H9OH, C3H8 rau C22H46, thiab dichlorodifluoro-methane (Freon 12®). |
| Hom | 13 X |
| Kev sib xyaw | 1 Na2O: 1 Al2O3: 2.8 ± 0.2 SiO2 : xH2O |
| Kev piav qhia | Daim ntawv sodium sawv cev rau lub hauv paus ntawm hom X tsev neeg, nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm pore qhib nyob rau hauv 910¼ ntau. Yuav tsis adsorb (C4F9)3N, piv txwv li. |
| Cov ntawv thov loj | Kev lag luam roj kom qhuav, huab cua cog qoob loo purification (ib txhij H2O thiab CO2 tshem tawm) thiab kua hydrocarbon / natural gas sweetening (H2S thiab mercaptan tshem tawm). |
Post lub sij hawm: Jun-16-2023
